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Artwork

Hilmer Schumacher

Joshua Johnson

Born 1763

Hilmer Schumacher

Oil on canvas

22 1/8 in x 18 1/4 in

Circa 1808-1810

Label:

Rachel and Hilmer Schumacher chose Joshua Johnson, the earliest documented professional African American artist, to paint these pendant portraits. Much of Johnson’s life remains a mystery, but it is known that he was born into slavery in Maryland and was eventually emancipated.

His style is characterized by a minimal modeling of his subjects’ oval faces, tapered lips, and an overall flat formality. Translucent glazes of oil paint in rich palettes result in a luminosity that enhances the rich brocade and gossamer lace. These qualities made him a sought-after portraitist for wealthy patrons like the Schumachers.

Now On View:

The Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus, GA

As Exhibited In:

Circa 1776, The Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus, GA, June 25, 2026–January 15, 2027

25 for 25, TJC Gallery, Spartanburg, SC, January 14–April 25, 2026

Face to Face: 200 Years of Portraiture from the Johnson Collection, TJC Gallery, Spartanburg, SC, October 19, 2022–January 7, 2023

Roots/Routes: Mobility and Displacement in Art of the American South, Wofford College, Spartanburg, SC, August 30–December 8, 2023

About This Artist